9natural flavorsNatural flavours▾
● Contextual noteA broad AAFCO-defined category that may contain multiple unspecified compounds. Relevant for allergy-prone pets since potential allergens may not be individually listed.Sources: AAFCO 2024
10tricalcium phosphateDicalcium phosphate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added calcium and phosphorus (mineral) supplement.
11potassium chloride▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added potassium (mineral) supplement.
12guar gum▾
● Contextual noteThickener and stabiliser used in wet food. Generally regarded as safe at low levels. May cause digestive discomfort (gas, loose stool) at higher concentrations in some animals.Sources: EFSA 2017
13oat hullsOats▾
● Contextual noteA whole grain carbohydrate source rich in soluble fibre (beta-glucans). Generally well-tolerated and considered a high-quality grain for pets.Sources: Veterinary nutrition references
14calcium sulfateCalcium carbonate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added calcium (mineral) supplement.
15magnesium sulfateMagnesium oxide▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added magnesium (mineral) supplement.
16choline chloride▾
● Standard ingredientCholine chloride: a standard added nutrient for normal cell and nerve function.
17DL-Methionine▾
● Contextual noteAn essential amino acid commonly added to pet food. Also functions as a urinary acidifier (lowers urine pH). Veterinary sources note it should be used with caution in pets with kidney disease, pancreatic disease, or liver insufficiency. Not recommended for kittens.Sources: VCA Animal Hospitals · PetMD veterinary reference · NRC 2006
18taurineTaurine (supplemental)▾
● Beneficial (well-established)Taurine supplementation is increasingly common in dog food, particularly for breeds associated with DCM susceptibility.Sources: Pion et al. 1987 · NRC 2006 · Freeman et al. 2018Position on the ingredient list suggests a small inclusion level.
19Vitamin E supplementVitamin E▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added vitamin with antioxidant function.
20zinc sulfate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added zinc (mineral) supplement.
21thiamine mononitrate (Vitamin B-1)Thiamine▾
● Standard ingredientThiamine (vitamin B1): a standard added B vitamin.
22ferrous sulfate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added iron (mineral) supplement.
23niacin (Vitamin B-3)Niacin▾
● Standard ingredientNiacin (vitamin B3): a standard added B vitamin.
24copper sulfate▾
● Contextual noteAn inorganic copper source. Functional and commonly used. Chelated forms (copper proteinate) may offer better bioavailability.Sources: NRC 2006
25calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B-5)Pantothenic acid▾
● Standard ingredientPantothenic acid (vitamin B5): a standard added B vitamin.
26Vitamin A supplementVitamin A▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added vitamin involved in vision and immune function.
27manganese sulfate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added manganese (mineral) supplement.
28menadione sodium bisulfite complex (Vitamin K)Menadione (Vitamin K3)▾
● Under research reviewA synthetic form of vitamin K that has been restricted in human food supplements in the EU due to organ toxicity concerns at high doses. Natural alternatives (K1, K2) are available. AAFCO panel found it acceptable in pet food at approved levels.Sources: EFSA 2014 vitamin K opinion · EU Directive 2002/46/EC · AAFCO expert panel review
29pyridoxine hydrochloride (Vitamin B-6)Vitamin B6▾
● Standard ingredientVitamin B6 (pyridoxine): a standard added B vitamin.
30riboflavin supplement (Vitamin B-2)Riboflavin▾
● Standard ingredientRiboflavin (vitamin B2): a standard added B vitamin.
31Vitamin B-12 supplementVitamin B12▾
● Standard ingredientVitamin B12: a standard added B vitamin.
32biotin (Vitamin B-7)Biotin▾
● Standard ingredientBiotin (vitamin B7): a standard added B vitamin.
33potassium iodideCalcium iodate▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added iodine (mineral) supplement.
34folic acid (Vitamin B-9)Folic acid▾
● Standard ingredientFolic acid (vitamin B9): a standard added B vitamin.
35Vitamin D-3 supplementVitamin D3▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added vitamin involved in calcium metabolism and bone health.
36sodium selenite▾
● Standard ingredientA standard added selenium (mineral) supplement.